Here’s a set of 45 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on gravitational force, divided into easy, moderate, and difficult categories, with the correct answers listed at the bottom in serial format.
Easy MCQs
1. What is the formula for gravitational force?
a) F = ma
b) F = G(m₁m₂/r²)
c) F = mv²
d) F = pgh
2. Which of the following describes gravitational field strength?
a) Force per unit area
b) Force per unit mass
c) Mass per unit volume
d) Energy per unit time
3. What is the effect of altitude on the value of g?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains constant
d) It doubles
4. Which law describes the gravitational attraction between two masses?
a) Newton's First Law
b) Newton's Second Law
c) Newton's Third Law
d) Universal Law of Gravitation
5. What happens to gravitational force as the distance between two objects increases?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains constant
d) It fluctuates
6. What is the shape of the Earth?
a) Perfect sphere
b) Oblate spheroid
c) Cube
d) Cylinder
7. How does the mass of an object affect gravitational force?
a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) No effect
d) Exponential effect
8. What is the gravitational force acting on a 10 kg object on Earth? (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)
a) 98 N
b) 10 N
c) 100 N
d) 9.8 N
9. Which of the following best describes a gravitational field?
a) A region with no mass
b) A region around a mass where a force is exerted
c) A vacuum space
d) A field with electric charge
10. What is the escape velocity from Earth?
a) 11.2 m/s
b) 7.9 km/s
c) 11.2 km/s
d) 9.8 km/s
11. What force keeps satellites in orbit around the Earth?
a) Electromagnetic force
b) Frictional force
c) Gravitational force
d) Tension force
12. What does the gravitational constant (G) represent?
a) The acceleration due to gravity
b) The universal attraction between masses
c) The force between charged objects
d) The weight of an object
13. What is the gravitational force between two 1 kg masses separated by a distance of 1 meter?
a) 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ N
b) 9.8 N
c) 1 N
d) 0.01 N
14. How does gravitational force influence tides on Earth?
a) Through electromagnetic attraction
b) By the rotation of the Earth
c) Through the Moon's gravitational pull
d) By ocean currents
15. What is weight?
a) Mass times acceleration
b) Mass times gravitational force
c) Volume times density
d) Gravitational pull on an object
Moderate MCQs
16. How does the law of gravitation apply to planets?
a) Planets are attracted to the Sun
b) Planets repel each other
c) Planets have no gravitational force
d) Planets float in space
17. What is the primary factor affecting the value of g on Earth's surface?
a) Shape of the Earth
b) Temperature
c) Pressure
d) Humidity
18. Explain how artificial satellites are kept in motion.
a) By friction
b) By gravitational pull from Earth
c) By magnetic forces
d) By engines only
19. How does the gravitational force change with depth in the Earth?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains constant
d) It fluctuates
20. What is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the value of g?
a) Increases it
b) Decreases it
c) No effect
d) Doubles it
21. What does the gravitational field strength depend on?
a) Distance from the center of the Earth
b) Mass of the object only
c) Shape of the object
d) Temperature
22. How does gravity influence the motion of planets around the Sun?
a) By providing friction
b) By acting as a centripetal force
c) By changing their mass
d) By exerting no effect
23. Describe how satellites help in weather forecasting.
a) By observing ocean currents
b) By monitoring atmospheric conditions
c) By collecting temperature data
d) All of the above
24. What is the significance of Newton’s law of gravitation?
a) It explains motion on Earth only
b) It describes gravitational attraction for all bodies
c) It applies only to celestial bodies
d) It has no scientific relevance
25. How does gravitational force vary in a multi-planetary system?
a) It is constant
b) It varies with distance and mass
c) It increases with more planets
d) It decreases with more planets
26. How is the mass of the Earth calculated using gravitational laws?
a) By measuring its diameter
b) Using satellites and gravitational equations
c) By calculating the weight of objects
d) By using atmospheric pressure
27. How does gravity affect the shape of planets?
a) It makes them spherical
b) It makes them flat
c) It has no effect
d) It changes their color
28. What is the primary role of geostationary satellites?
a) To orbit the Earth at varying speeds
b) To stay above a fixed point on the Earth
c) To move away from Earth
d) To orbit the Sun
29. How does gravitational potential energy relate to height?
a) It increases with height
b) It decreases with height
c) It has no relation
d) It remains constant
30. Explain how gravitational force can affect the trajectory of a satellite.
a) It makes it move faster
b) It alters its path based on mass
c) It causes it to fall to Earth
d) It helps maintain its orbit
Difficult MCQs
31. What is the relationship between gravitational force and the distance between two bodies?
a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) Exponential
d) Constant
32. How does gravity influence the dynamics of a multi-planetary system?
a) By causing planets to collide
b) By dictating their orbits
c) By creating a vacuum
d) By altering their masses
33. Describe the concept of gravitational waves.
a) Waves created by moving masses
b) Waves that travel at the speed of light
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
34. How does the escape velocity relate to gravitational force?
a) It is lower than gravitational pull
b) It must exceed gravitational pull to escape
c) It has no connection
d) It is always the same
35. What challenges do scientists face in measuring g at different altitudes?
a) Equipment limitations
b) Variability in atmospheric pressure
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
36. How does gravitational force influence the energy distribution in the universe?
a) It creates heat
b) It affects the formation of stars and galaxies
c) It has no effect
d) It stabilizes everything
37. Explain how the mass of planets can be determined using artificial satellites.
a) By observing their orbits
b) By measuring atmospheric pressure
c) By using telescopes
d) By counting their satellites
38. How does gravity affect the formation of galaxies?
a) It has no effect
b) It draws matter together
c) It pushes matter apart
d) It equalizes mass distribution
39. Discuss the role of gravitational force in the dynamics of binary star systems.
a) It causes them to collide
b) It governs their orbits
c) It has no effect
d) It changes their brightness
40. How does gravitational force vary between the poles and the equator?
a) Stronger at the equator
b) Weaker at the poles
c) Equal at both places
d) None of the above
41. How is gravitational potential energy calculated for non-uniform objects?
a) It can't be calculated
b) By averaging mass distribution
c) Using simple geometric formulas
d) By integrating over the volume
42. Explain the significance of gravitational constant (G) in universal gravitation.
a) It is the same for all objects
b) It varies with distance
c
) It is a measure of gravitational strength
d) It is negligible in calculations
43. What factors can alter gravitational attraction at a local level?
a) Local mass distributions
b) Atmospheric pressure
c) Temperature changes
d) None of the above
44. What is the role of gravity in black hole formation?
a) It causes matter to collapse
b) It has no effect
c) It stabilizes matter
d) It repels matter
45. Discuss how gravitational forces affect time dilation near massive objects.
a) It speeds up time
b) It slows down time
c) It has no effect
d) It equalizes time
Answers
1. b
2. b
3. b
4. d
5. b
6. b
7. a
8. a
9. b
10. c
11. c
12. b
13. a
14. c
15. d
16. a
17. a
18. b
19. b
20. b
21. a
22. b
23. d
24. b
25. b
26. b
27. a
28. b
29. a
30. d
31. b
32. b
33. c
34. b
35. c
36. b
37. a
38. b
39. b
40. b
41. b
42. c
43. a
44. a
45. b
Feel free to adjust any questions or their difficulty levels as needed!