Short Questions (120)
Easy (30%)
1. What are the three physical states of matter?
2. Define diffusion in gases.
3. What is effusion?
4. What is gas pressure?
5. Explain compressibility in gases.
6. Define mobility of gases.
7. What is the density of gases?
8. State Boyle's Law?
9. What is the absolute temperature scale?
10. State Charles's Law?
11. What is evaporation?
12. Define vapour pressure.
13. What is the freezing point of a liquid?
14. Explain diffusion in liquids.
15. What is the density of liquids?
16. Define melting point.
17. What is rigidity in solids?
18. What is the density of solids?
19. Differentiate between amorphous and crystalline solids.
20. What are amorphous solids?
21. Define crystalline solids.
22. What is allotropy?
23. What is curing of meat with salt?
24. What causes gases to expand?
25. What factors affect the rate of diffusion in gases?
26. What is the relation between temperature and pressure in gases?
27. How does vapour pressure vary with temperature?
28. Why does diffusion happen faster in gases than in liquids?
29. What happens to gas particles during compression?
30. Define pressure in terms of molecular motion.
Moderate (40%)
31. How does diffusion in gases differ from diffusion in liquids?
32. Explain the process of effusion with an example.
33. Describe the relationship between gas pressure and volume according to Boyle’s law.
34. How does temperature affect the mobility of gas particles?
35. What is the significance of the absolute temperature scale in gas laws?
36. How does Charles's Law relate to the expansion of gases when heated?
37. What factors affect the rate of evaporation?
38. How does vapour pressure influence the boiling point of a liquid?
39. Explain the concept of freezing point depression.
40. Compare the density of gases and liquids.
41. Explain the process of sublimation.
42. How does the melting point of a solid indicate its bonding strength?
43. Describe the molecular arrangement in crystalline solids.
44. Why are amorphous solids considered non-crystalline?
45. How does allotropy occur in solids? Give an example.
46. Explain why gases have low density compared to solids and liquids.
47. What is the importance of Boyle's law in real-world applications?
48. How does temperature affect the diffusion of gases?
49. What is the relation between vapour pressure and external pressure?
50. How does pressure affect the freezing point of a liquid?
51. What are the properties of liquids that allow them to flow?
52. Explain the significance of melting point in determining the purity of a substance.
53. Why is diffusion faster in liquids than in solids?
54. How do intermolecular forces affect the properties of gases?
55. Explain why compressibility is higher in gases than in liquids or solids.
56. How does pressure influence the boiling point of a liquid?
60. What role does temperature play in the process of curing meat with salt?
61. Explain how Boyle's law applies to breathing in humans.
62. What is the effect of temperature on the viscosity of liquids?
63. Why is the density of solids generally higher than that of liquids?
64. How does freezing occur on a molecular level?
65. Describe the relationship between gas pressure and temperature.
66. What happens to the molecular motion of a substance at its freezing point?
67. Explain how Charles's law is applied in everyday life.
68. Why is mobility higher in gases compared to liquids and solids?
69. What factors determine the melting point of a substance?
70. Describe the molecular structure of an allotrope of carbon.
71. How does the kinetic theory of gases explain diffusion?
72. Why is the boiling point of a liquid higher at sea level than on a mountain?
73. Explain the process of curing meat and its effects on water activity.
Tough (30%)
74. Discuss the molecular basis of Boyle's law.
75. Explain how absolute zero is related to Charles’s law.
76. How do molecular collisions in a gas determine its pressure?
77. Describe how effusion is related to molecular mass and velocity.
78. How does the concept of mobility help in understanding the behavior of gases under pressure?
79. What is the molecular explanation of gas compressibility?
80. Explain how the density of gases changes with altitude.
81. How do intermolecular forces differ between gases, liquids, and solids?
82. What is the significance of the critical temperature in gases?
83. Discuss how vapour pressure and boiling point are related thermodynamically.
84. Explain how atmospheric pressure affects evaporation rates.
85. What molecular factors determine the viscosity of liquids?
86. How does the structure of amorphous solids differ from crystalline solids at the atomic level?
87. Explain the role of diffusion in the preservation of food using salt.
88. Describe how the kinetic energy of molecules changes during the phase transition from gas to liquid.
89. Explain how allotropes of the same element can have different physical properties.
90. Discuss the significance of phase diagrams in understanding the states of matter.
91. How does molecular motion differ in the solid, liquid, and gaseous states?
92. How do temperature and pressure influence the behavior of real gases versus ideal gases?
93. Explain the molecular basis of the compressibility factor in real gases.
94. How do changes in molecular structure impact the physical properties of allotropes?
95. Discuss the thermodynamic principles underlying freezing point depression.
96. Explain how the gas laws can be applied to explain the behavior of gases under extreme conditions.
97. Discuss how the intermolecular forces in liquids affect surface tension and capillary action.
98. Explain the significance of the Van der Waals equation in relation to real gases.
99. How does the crystal lattice structure affect the melting point of solids?
100. Explain how phase transitions are related to changes in enthalpy.
101. Discuss how changes in molecular energy explain the process of vaporization and condensation.
102. Explain how real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior at high pressures and low temperatures.
103. Discuss the factors affecting the rate of diffusion in gases using the kinetic molecular theory.
Long Questions (10)
Easy (30%)
1. Define diffusion and effusion in gases. How are these processes different?
2. Explain Boyle’s Law with the help of an example. What are its practical applications?
3. What is evaporation, and what factors affect the rate of evaporation?
Moderate (40%)
4. Discuss the properties of liquids, including vapour pressure and diffusion.
5. Explain Charles's law and its relationship to the absolute temperature scale.
6. Compare and contrast the physical properties of amorphous and crystalline solids.
7. Explain the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume for gases using Boyle’s and Charles’s laws.
Tough (30%)
8. Discuss the molecular theory behind compressibility in gases and how it differs in liquids and solids.
9. Explain how the physical properties of gases, liquids, and solids are determined by their molecular structure.
10. Describe the process of allotropy and its significance in the physical states of matter, giving examples such as carbon.