Here is a question bank for Chapter 14: **Current Electricity**,
### **Short Questions (120)**
#### **Easy (30% - 36 questions)**
1. What is electric current?
2. Define conventional current.
3. How is electric current measured?
4. Define potential difference.
5. What is electromotive force (emf)?
6. How is potential difference measured?
7. State Ohm's Law.
8. What are conductors?
9. What are insulators?
10. Define resistance.
11. What unit is used to measure electric current?
12. What unit is used to measure potential difference?
13. What is the SI unit of resistance?
14. What is meant by an ohmic conductor?
15. Give an example of an ohmic conductor.
16. What is a non-ohmic conductor?
17. Name one factor that affects resistance.
18. What is the role of a resistor in a circuit?
19. Define electric power.
20. What is the unit of electric power?
21. Define direct current (DC).
22. Define alternating current (AC).
23. What is Joule's Law?
24. Describe the hazards of electricity.
25. Why should electricity be used safely in homes?
26. Name one method to measure current in a circuit.
27. What is a resistor?
28. Describe one use of resistors in electrical circuits.
29. How is electrical energy measured?
30. What is the function of an ammeter?
31. Define electric circuit.
32. What does a voltmeter measure?
33. Describe one way to use electricity safely.
34. Define the term "electric potential."
35. Describe one hazard associated with electricity.
36. Why is conventional current considered to flow from positive to negative?
#### **Moderate (40% - 48 questions)**
37. Explain the concept of electric potential difference.
38. How does conventional current differ from electron flow?
39. Describe how an ammeter is connected in a circuit.
40. What does a voltmeter do in an electric circuit?
41. Explain how Ohm's Law relates voltage, current, and resistance.
42. What are the characteristics of an ohmic conductor?
43. How does resistance vary in non-ohmic conductors?
44. Name two factors that affect the resistance of a conductor.
45. Explain why some materials are conductors and others are insulators.
46. Describe the effect of temperature on resistance.
47. What is a series combination of resistors?
48. What is a parallel combination of resistors?
49. How do you calculate total resistance in a series circuit?
50. How do you calculate total resistance in a parallel circuit?
51. Describe one practical application of resistors.
52. How is electrical energy converted to heat in a resistor?
53. What is the relationship between power, voltage, and current?
54. Describe the difference between AC and DC.
55. What are the advantages of using DC?
56. What are the advantages of using AC?
57. How is AC different from DC in terms of direction?
58. What does Joule's Law state about electrical energy?
59. How does electricity pose a fire hazard?
60. Describe one safe use of electricity at home.
61. How does the length of a conductor affect its resistance?
62. Describe how the cross-sectional area of a conductor affects resistance.
63. What role does material type play in resistance?
64. Why is silver a better conductor than iron?
65. What is meant by the term "electric potential energy"?
66. How is electric power calculated in a circuit?
67. Describe one example of electrical energy being converted into another form.
68. What safety devices are used to prevent electrical hazards?
69. Explain the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit.
70. What is the significance of grounding in electrical safety?
71. How does current affect the heating of a conductor?
72. What is the function of a circuit breaker?
73. Explain how overloading can be prevented in a circuit.
74. Describe the concept of a live wire.
75. What is the purpose of insulation in electrical appliances?
76. Describe the difference in current distribution between series and parallel circuits.
77. What is meant by power dissipation in a circuit?
78. Explain the term "electrical energy" in the context of a circuit.
79. Describe the process of measuring current with an ammeter.
80. Explain why copper is commonly used as a conductor in household wiring.
81. What is meant by the term "electromotive force" (emf)?
82. How do resistance and voltage affect power in a circuit?
83. Describe one use of electricity in medical equipment.
84. Explain why alternating current is used in power distribution.
85. How does current flow differ in series and parallel circuits?
86. Describe the importance of electrical insulation.
87. Explain why electric power companies use high voltages for transmission.
88. What does it mean for a device to be energy efficient?
89. Describe how resistors are used to control current.
90. Explain how potential difference affects electric circuits.
91. What does it mean to "ground" an electrical appliance?
92. How does electric power differ from electric energy?
93. What is a resistor's function in protecting components?
94. Describe one hazard of faulty wiring in homes.
#### **Tough (30% - 36 questions)**
95. Derive the mathematical form of Ohm's Law.
96. How does resistivity vary among different materials?
97. Explain the significance of Ohmic conductors in electronic devices.
98. Describe the relationship between power, energy, and time in electric circuits.
99. Explain the effects of temperature on an ohmic conductor’s resistance.
100. Derive the formula for total resistance in a series circuit.
101. Derive the formula for total resistance in a parallel circuit.
102. How does electric current generate heat in conductors?
103. Explain the concept of electric potential energy in a charged capacitor.
104. Describe the effects of alternating current on a transformer.
105. Explain how voltage affects electric current in a circuit.
106. Discuss the working principle of a fuse in electric circuits.
107. Explain why metals have low resistance compared to insulators.
108. How does wire gauge affect electrical resistance in a conductor?
109. Describe the effect of magnetic fields on direct current.
110. Explain how electric power is distributed in a household circuit.
111. How does electric potential relate to electric energy?
112. Describe the concept of energy dissipation in a resistor.
113. Explain why electric current is dangerous at high voltages.
114. Describe how a capacitor can store electric energy.
115. Explain the difference between instantaneous and average current.
116. What is the role of resistors in preventing circuit damage?
117. How does voltage polarity affect the direction of current?
118. Explain the importance of resistor tolerance in circuits.
119. Describe the working principle of circuit breakers in detail.
120. Explain how the specific resistance of a material influences its conductivity.
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### **Long Questions (10)**
#### **Easy (30% - 3 questions)**
1. Define electric current and potential difference. Explain the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance according to Ohm’s Law.
2. Describe the concept of electric power. Explain how to calculate power in an electrical circuit with examples.
3. Explain the importance of grounding and insulation in ensuring the safe use of electricity in homes.
#### **Moderate (40% - 4 questions)**
4. Discuss the factors affecting electrical resistance. Explain how the length, cross-sectional area, and material of a conductor impact resistance.
5. What is the difference between series and parallel combination of resistors? Explain how to calculate the equivalent resistance for each.
6. Describe the differences between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) in detail, including applications of each.
7. Explain the importance of using fuses and circuit breakers in electrical circuits. Describe how they prevent hazards.
#### **Tough (30% - 3 questions)**
8. Derive the mathematical form of Joule’s Law. Explain how electrical energy is converted to heat in a conductor.
9. Describe the process of power transmission in electric circuits. Explain why high voltage transmission is preferred for efficiency.
10. Explain the relationship between electric field, electric potential, and current flow. Discuss how these principles apply to capacitor charging and discharging.