Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves.
### **Short Questions (120)**
#### **Easy (30% - 36 questions)**
1. What is simple harmonic motion (SHM)?
2. Define the equilibrium position in SHM.
3. What is the frequency of a wave?
4. State Hooke's Law.
5. Define the term "amplitude."
6. What are damped oscillations?
7. Define wavelength in terms of wave motion.
8. Name two types of mechanical waves.
9. What is the unit of frequency?
10. Give an example of a simple harmonic oscillator.
11. What is meant by wave velocity?
12. What is a ripple tank used for?
13. Define transverse waves.
14. Define longitudinal waves.
15. What is the relationship between velocity, frequency, and wavelength?
16. Define refraction of waves.
17. State the principle of superposition.
18. Give one example of wave diffraction.
19. What is the role of a pendulum in SHM?
20. What is an electromagnetic wave?
21. Describe the concept of a crest in a wave.
22. What is the time period of a wave?
23. State the effect of damping on oscillations.
24. What are sound waves classified as?
25. Define wave motion.
26. What are ripple tanks used for in studying waves?
27. What happens to wave speed in deep vs. shallow water?
28. What does wave refraction cause?
29. How are electric and magnetic fields oriented in electromagnetic waves?
30. What is a wave trough?
31. Give an example of a damped oscillator.
32. Define period in terms of SHM.
33. What is the purpose of the ripple tank in studying waves?
34. What is the main source of waves in water?
35. How does damping affect the amplitude of oscillations?
36. Name the main types of mechanical waves.
#### **Moderate (40% - 48 questions)**
37. Describe the motion of a simple pendulum.
38. What is resonance in oscillatory motion?
39. Explain why damping occurs in oscillations.
40. Describe the properties of longitudinal waves.
41. What is the formula for the velocity of a wave?
42. How does a ball and bowl system demonstrate SHM?
43. Define wave energy and its characteristics.
44. Explain the behavior of a wave upon entering a medium at an angle.
45. How does frequency affect the wavelength of a wave?
46. Describe the role of the restoring force in SHM.
47. Why do electromagnetic waves not require a medium?
48. Explain diffraction in water waves.
49. Why are sound waves called mechanical waves?
50. How does a wave transfer energy without transferring matter?
51. What is the importance of the ripple tank in wave studies?
52. How does the wave speed change during refraction?
53. Explain the concept of wave interference.
54. What does the term "damped oscillations" mean?
55. Describe constructive and destructive interference.
56. How does damping affect the energy of an oscillating system?
57. Define phase difference in SHM.
58. What is the natural frequency of an oscillator?
59. Explain why the motion of a pendulum is not strictly SHM.
60. How is the time period of a simple pendulum calculated?
61. Describe how a ripple tank demonstrates wave behavior.
62. How do mechanical waves differ from electromagnetic waves?
63. Explain how refraction affects wave direction.
64. What happens to wave speed when it passes from air to water?
65. Describe the characteristics of a damped oscillator.
66. Explain why amplitude decreases in damped oscillations.
67. Describe the difference between frequency and period.
68. Explain the working principle of a simple pendulum.
69. How is the wave equation derived?
70. Why are mechanical waves classified into longitudinal and transverse?
71. Explain how the amplitude affects the energy of SHM.
72. Define phase in the context of SHM.
73. How does frequency affect the time period of a wave?
74. Why is the ball and bowl system useful in demonstrating SHM?
75. Explain how waves are used as energy carriers.
76. How is wave velocity different from particle velocity?
77. What happens to wave frequency as it enters a different medium?
78. What causes wave diffraction?
79. How does the angle of incidence affect wave refraction?
80. Why does damping reduce the amplitude in oscillatory motion?
81. Explain how waves interact in constructive interference.
82. How are crests and troughs formed in water waves?
83. Describe how energy is lost in damped oscillations.
84. How do electromagnetic waves transfer energy?
85. What is the relationship between wavelength and amplitude?
86. Describe the conditions for wave diffraction.
87. Explain the main components of wave interference.
88. What is the impact of damping on energy transfer?
89. How does the frequency of a pendulum change with length?
90. Why are waves considered carriers of energy?
#### **Tough (30% - 36 questions)**
91. Explain why SHM is important in the study of waves.
92. Derive the relationship between velocity, frequency, and wavelength.
93. Discuss how wave behavior changes in different mediums.
94. Describe how energy dissipation occurs in damped oscillations.
95. How does wave speed change with medium density?
96. Explain how ripple tank experiments demonstrate refraction.
97. How does the wave equation relate to SHM?
98. Derive the formula for the time period of a pendulum.
99. Describe how damping affects oscillation frequencies.
100. Discuss how resonance occurs in natural frequencies.
101. How does wave interference create patterns in the ripple tank?
102. Derive the expression for SHM motion in a pendulum.
103. Explain the importance of restoring force in SHM.
104. Describe the differences between phase and amplitude in waves.
105. How does wave interference affect energy distribution?
106. Derive the formula for a damped oscillator.
107. How does changing the wave frequency affect energy transfer?
108. Explain how constructive interference amplifies wave energy.
109. How is energy conserved in a damped oscillator?
110. Discuss the effect of damping on phase difference in SHM.
111. Explain the effect of water depth on wave speed in the ripple tank.
112. Derive the expression for energy loss in damped oscillations.
113. How does refraction change wave phase?
114. Explain how natural frequency impacts oscillation stability.
115. Derive the conditions for resonance in SHM.
116. Explain how electromagnetic waves differ from mechanical waves.
117. What is the effect of damping on oscillation energy over time?
118. Explain the concept of phase in SHM in terms of restoring forces.
119. Describe how diffraction varies with wave frequency.
120. Discuss how ripple tank experiments help in studying wave patterns.
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### **Long Questions (10)**
#### **Easy (30% - 3 questions)**
1. Explain simple harmonic motion with examples.
2. Describe the concept of a wave and classify its types.
3. Explain how wave motion carries energy, giving examples from daily life.
#### **Moderate (40% - 4 questions)**
4. Describe the phenomenon of refraction and diffraction with examples.
5. Explain the construction and working of a ripple tank for studying wave properties.
6. Derive the relationship between wave velocity, frequency, and wavelength.
7. Explain damped oscillations and their causes, and describe their effects on amplitude.
#### **Tough (30% - 3 questions)**
8. Explain the motion of a simple pendulum and derive the expression for its time period.
9. Describe the phenomenon of wave interference and explain its significance with examples.
10. Derive the equation for energy in a damped oscillator and explain its components.