Here’s a bank of 60 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the topics related to organic chemistry. The questions are divided into easy, moderate, and tough categories, as per your specifications, and follow the BISE, Gujranwala style.
### Easy Questions (30% - 18 Questions)
1. **What is an organic compound?**
- A) A compound that contains only metals
- B) A compound that contains carbon
- C) A compound that contains only non-metals
- D) A compound that is found in rocks
2. **Which of the following is the simplest molecular formula for ethane?**
- A) C2H6
- B) C3H8
- C) CH4
- D) C2H4
3. **What type of bond is formed between two carbon atoms in an alkane?**
- A) Ionic bond
- B) Double bond
- C) Triple bond
- D) Single covalent bond
4. **Which of the following compounds is aromatic?**
- A) Cyclohexane
- B) Benzene
- C) Cyclopentane
- D) Ethene
5. **What is the condensed formula for propane?**
- A) C3H8
- B) C2H6
- C) CH4
- D) C4H10
6. **Which functional group is present in alcohols?**
- A) -OH
- B) -COOH
- C) -CHO
- D) -NH2
7. **What is the main characteristic of a cyclic compound?**
- A) It is open-chain.
- B) It forms a ring structure.
- C) It contains only one type of atom.
- D) It cannot contain double bonds.
8. **What do we call compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas?**
- A) Isomers
- B) Homologues
- C) Stereoisomers
- D) Radicals
9. **Which of the following is a characteristic of organic compounds?**
- A) High melting points
- B) Soluble in water
- C) Low boiling points
- D) Non-conductors of electricity
10. **What type of hydrocarbon is ethene?**
- A) Alkane
- B) Alkene
- C) Alkyne
- D) Aromatic
11. **What is the general formula for alkanes?**
- A) CnH2n+2
- B) CnH2n
- C) CnH2n-2
- D) CnH2n+1
12. **Which of the following is a homocyclic compound?**
- A) Benzene
- B) Butane
- C) Ethene
- D) Propan-2-ol
13. **What is the functional group of a ketone?**
- A) -OH
- B) -CO-
- C) -CHO
- D) -COOH
14. **Which of the following compounds contains a carboxyl group?**
- A) Ethanol
- B) Acetic acid
- C) Propene
- D) Butane
15. **What type of bond is present in ethyne (acetylene)?**
- A) Single bond
- B) Double bond
- C) Triple bond
- D) Quadruple bond
16. **Which substance is primarily made from hydrocarbons?**
- A) Water
- B) Salt
- C) Coal
- D) Sugar
17. **Which of the following best describes an alkyl radical?**
- A) An atom with a positive charge
- B) A carbon atom with a full octet
- C) A fragment of an alkane that can form bonds
- D) A molecule with a double bond
18. **Which compound can be used to test for the presence of an aldehyde group?**
- A) Tollens' reagent
- B) Litmus paper
- C) Benedict's solution
- D) Iodine solution
---
### Moderate Questions (40% - 24 Questions)
19. **Which of the following statements about isomerism is true?**
- A) Isomers have the same structural formula.
- B) Isomers have different molecular formulas.
- C) Isomers have the same molecular formula but different arrangements.
- D) Isomers are always in the same phase.
20. **Which of the following describes a covalent bond?**
- A) A bond formed by the transfer of electrons
- B) A bond formed by sharing electrons
- C) A bond that occurs in ionic compounds
- D) A bond that is formed only between metals
21. **What type of hydrocarbons contain only single bonds?**
- A) Alkenes
- B) Alkynes
- C) Alkanes
- D) Aromatic hydrocarbons
22. **Which of the following compounds is a heterocyclic compound?**
- A) Cyclobutane
- B) Pyridine
- C) Benzene
- D) Cyclohexane
23. **What is the main use of coal gas?**
- A) Cooking
- B) Heating
- C) Lighting
- D) All of the above
24. **Which of the following is a characteristic of coal tar?**
- A) It is a clear liquid.
- B) It is a solid at room temperature.
- C) It is a byproduct of coal processing.
- D) It contains no aromatic compounds.
25. **What determines the boiling point of an organic compound?**
- A) The molecular weight and type of bonding
- B) The pH of the compound
- C) The color of the compound
- D) The state of the compound at room temperature
26. **Which of the following is not a use of coal?**
- A) Fuel
- B) Production of coke
- C) Manufacture of plastics
- D) Generation of electricity
27. **What is the main component of natural gas?**
- A) Ethanol
- B) Methane
- C) Propane
- D) Butane
28. **Which functional group is present in esters?**
- A) -COOH
- B) -COO-
- C) -CHO
- D) -NH2
29. **What is the process called when organic compounds are synthesized in the laboratory?**
- A) Natural extraction
- B) Distillation
- C) Organic synthesis
- D) Decomposition
30. **Which of the following represents a primary alcohol?**
- A) CH3-CH2-OH
- B) (CH3)2CHOH
- C) CH3CHO
- D) CH3COOH
31. **Which type of reaction produces a salt and water from an acid and a base?**
- A) Combustion
- B) Neutralization
- C) Synthesis
- D) Decomposition
32. **What is a characteristic of double bonds?**
- A) They are stronger than single bonds.
- B) They are weaker than single bonds.
- C) They do not exist in organic compounds.
- D) They always lead to the formation of solids.
33. **Which of the following compounds is an example of a ketone?**
- A) Ethanol
- B) Butan-2-one
- C) Acetic acid
- D) Propanal
34. **Which property of organic compounds usually increases with molecular weight?**
- A) Solubility
- B) Melting point
- C) Reactivity
- D) Electrical conductivity
35. **Which of the following tests is used to detect unsaturation in organic compounds?**
- A) Iodine test
- B) Benedict's test
- C) Fehling's test
- D) Tollens' test
36. **What is the result of the reaction between an alcohol and an acid?**
- A) Ether
- B) Ester
- C) Aldehyde
- D) Ketone
37. **What type of bond is present in the carboxyl group (-COOH)?**
- A) Double bond
- B) Single bond
- C) Triple bond
- D) Quadruple bond
38. **Which compound can be used to test for the presence of a carboxyl group?**
- A) Litmus paper
- B) Sodium bicarbonate
- C) Iodine solution
- D) Benedict's solution
---
### Tough Questions (30% - 18 Questions)
39. **What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in ethylene (C2H4)?**
- A) sp
- B) sp²
- C) sp³
- D) sp⁴
40. **Which
of the following statements about covalent bond strength in carbon compounds is true?**
- A) All carbon bonds have the same strength.
- B) The strength decreases with the number of bonds.
- C) Triple bonds are stronger than double bonds.
- D) Single bonds are stronger than double bonds.
41. **Which of the following is a property of aromatic compounds?**
- A) They have a high boiling point.
- B) They are non-polar.
- C) They undergo electrophilic substitution.
- D) They are always colorless.
42. **Which isomer of butene has a higher boiling point?**
- A) Cis-butene
- B) Trans-butene
- C) Both have the same boiling point
- D) Butene does not have isomers
43. **Which process describes the combustion of hydrocarbons?**
- A) Reaction with hydrogen
- B) Reaction with oxygen
- C) Reaction with acids
- D) Reaction with bases
44. **What is the byproduct of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?**
- A) Water
- B) Hydrogen gas
- C) Carbon dioxide
- D) Ethylene
45. **Which of the following compounds exhibits geometric isomerism?**
- A) Butane
- B) Propylene
- C) 2-butene
- D) Cyclohexane
46. **What is the molecular formula of an organic compound containing three carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms?**
- A) C3H8
- B) C3H6
- C) C3H4
- D) C3H10
47. **Which functional group is characteristic of amines?**
- A) -NH2
- B) -OH
- C) -COOH
- D) -CHO
48. **What kind of reaction is the formation of an ester from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?**
- A) Dehydration
- B) Hydrolysis
- C) Oxidation
- D) Reduction
49. **Which of the following reactions is characteristic of aldehydes?**
- A) Oxidation to form carboxylic acids
- B) Reduction to form alcohols
- C) Both A and B
- D) None of the above
50. **What is the main difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?**
- A) Structural isomers differ in connectivity; stereoisomers differ in orientation.
- B) Structural isomers differ in phase; stereoisomers do not.
- C) Structural isomers have different molecular formulas; stereoisomers do not.
- D) There is no difference.
51. **Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom?**
- A) Aldehyde
- B) Amine
- C) Ketone
- D) Carboxylic acid
52. **What kind of isomerism is exhibited by compounds that differ in the arrangement of atoms in space?**
- A) Structural isomerism
- B) Geometric isomerism
- C) Optical isomerism
- D) None of the above
53. **Which of the following statements is true regarding the strength of carbon-carbon bonds?**
- A) Carbon-carbon single bonds are stronger than double bonds.
- B) Carbon-carbon triple bonds are weaker than double bonds.
- C) Strength increases with the number of bonds.
- D) All carbon-carbon bonds are the same strength.
54. **What is the result of the reaction between an alcohol and an acid chloride?**
- A) Ether
- B) Ester
- C) Aldehyde
- D) Carboxylic acid
55. **What type of functional group is present in phenols?**
- A) Hydroxyl group
- B) Carbonyl group
- C) Carboxyl group
- D) Amino group
56. **Which of the following is a property of aliphatic compounds?**
- A) They have cyclic structures.
- B) They include both saturated and unsaturated compounds.
- C) They are always aromatic.
- D) They contain no functional groups.
57. **What is the main component of coal tar?**
- A) Hydrocarbons
- B) Aromatic compounds
- C) Saturated fats
- D) Alcohols
58. **What is the primary functional group in fatty acids?**
- A) Alcohol
- B) Aldehyde
- C) Carboxylic acid
- D) Ester
59. **What is the most stable conformation of butane?**
- A) Staggered conformation
- B) Eclipsed conformation
- C) Chair conformation
- D) Boat conformation
60. **Which of the following tests is used to identify the presence of an amino group?**
- A) Biuret test
- B) Ninhydrin test
- C) Tollens' test
- D) Iodine test
---
### Answers
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. C
17. A
18. A
19. C
20. B
21. C
22. B
23. D
24. A
25. A
26. C
27. B
28. B
29. C
30. A
31. B
32. A
33. B
34. B
35. A
36. B
37. A
38. B
39. B
40. C
41. C
42. A
43. B
44. A
45. B
46. A
47. A
48. A
49. C
50. A
51. B
52. A
53. C
54. B
55. A
56. B
57. B
58. C
59. A
60. B