Reproduction
The questions are categorized into easy, moderate and tough levels, with a focus on key concepts from Chapter 15.
Easy Questions (30%)
1. What is a method of asexual reproduction?
- A) Fertilization
- B) Budding
- C) Pollination
- D) Germination
2. Which of the following is an example of vegetative propagation?
- A) Spores
- B) Budding
- C) Cutting
- D) Parthenogenesis
3. What is spore formation?
- A) A method of sexual reproduction
- B) A type of fertilization
- C) A form of asexual reproduction
- D) A process of seed germination
4. Which process involves the development of an embryo without fertilization?
- A) Fertilization
- B) Budding
- C) Parthenogenesis
- D) Spore formation
5. What is the main advantage of vegetative propagation?
- A) It requires more energy
- B) It produces genetically identical plants
- C) It decreases crop yield
- D) It prevents disease
6. What is tissue culture?
- A) A method of sexual reproduction
- B) A technique for growing plants in a lab
- C) A type of gamete formation
- D) A form of natural propagation
7. Which structure develops into a seed after fertilization?
- A) Ovule
- B) Stamen
- C) Pistil
- D) Petal
8. What is the first stage of seed germination?
- A) Growth of roots
- B) Absorption of water
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Formation of cotyledons
9. What do you call the male gamete in animals?
- A) Ovum
- B) Sperm
- C) Zygote
- D) Embryo
10. Which is a method of artificial vegetative propagation?
- A) Layering
- B) Budding
- C) Natural seed dispersal
- D) Spore production
Moderate Questions (40%)
11. In flowering plants, which part is responsible for pollination?
- A) Petals
- B) Sepals
- C) Stamen
- D) Ovary
12. What are the conditions necessary for seed germination?
- A) Light and air only
- B) Water, warmth, and oxygen
- C) Only water
- D) Darkness and cold
13. What is the process of sperm production called?
- A) Oogenesis
- B) Fertilization
- C) Spermatogenesis
- D) Gametogenesis
14. In which part of the female reproductive system does fertilization usually occur?
- A) Ovary
- B) Uterus
- C) Fallopian tube
- D) Vagina
15. Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction?
- A) Genetic variation
- B) Requires two parents
- C) Rapid population increase
- D) More energy required
16. What type of fertilization occurs in rabbits?
- A) External
- B) Internal
- C) Asexual
- D) Parthenogenetic
17. What is the main function of the male reproductive system?
- A) To produce eggs
- B) To produce sperm
- C) To nourish the embryo
- D) To facilitate birth
18. Which process describes the development of female gametes?
- A) Oogenesis
- B) Spermatogenesis
- C) Fertilization
- D) Cloning
19. What are the primary components of a seed?
- A) Seed coat, cotyledons, embryo
- B) Roots, stems, leaves
- C) Flowers, fruits, leaves
- D) Stamen, ovary, petals
20. How does pollution affect seed germination?
- A) It has no effect
- B) It increases germination
- C) It can inhibit growth and development
- D) It speeds up germination
21. Which type of vegetative propagation occurs naturally?
- A) Grafting
- B) Cutting
- C) Layering
- D) Bulb formation
22. What is a disadvantage of vegetative propagation?
- A) Slow reproduction
- B) High genetic diversity
- C) Susceptibility to disease
- D) Requires less energy
23. Which organization plays a key role in controlling STDs in the community?
- A) Local government
- B) National AIDS Control Programme
- C) Educational institutions
- D) Health clubs
24. What is the role of the ovule in reproduction?
- A) To produce sperm
- B) To develop into a seed after fertilization
- C) To protect the embryo
- D) To facilitate pollination
25. Which stage follows fertilization in the reproductive process?
- A) Germination
- B) Gametogenesis
- C) Zygote formation
- D) Tissue culture
26. How does cloning relate to tissue culture?
- A) They are unrelated
- B) Both are methods of asexual reproduction
- C) Cloning is a type of fertilization
- D) Tissue culture produces sperm
27. What is a common symptom of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
- A) Headache
- B) Joint pain
- C) Unusual discharge
- D) Nausea
28. What hormone is primarily responsible for male characteristics in animals?
- A) Estrogen
- B) Progesterone
- C) Testosterone
- D) Oxytocin
29. What happens during seed germination?
- A) The seed coat hardens
- B) The embryo grows and develops
- C) The seed splits into two
- D) The seed dies
30. Which of the following is NOT a function of the female reproductive system?
- A) Producing eggs
- B) Nourishing the fetus
- C) Producing sperm
- D) Facilitating childbirth
Tough Questions (30%)
31. What is parthenogenesis?
- A) Asexual reproduction without fertilization
- B) Fertilization of an egg by sperm
- C) Development of embryos from spores
- D) The growth of new plants from cuttings
32. In tissue culture, what is the role of growth hormones?
- A) To promote seed germination
- B) To stimulate cell division and growth
- C) To prevent disease
- D) To induce flowering
33. What does the term "gametogenesis" refer to?
- A) Formation of gametes
- B) Growth of embryos
- C) Seed development
- D) Pollination
34. Which factor is NOT essential for seed germination?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Light
- C) Water
- D) Warmth
35. How do environmental pollutants affect reproductive health?
- A) They have no effect
- B) They can lead to infertility and other health issues
- C) They improve reproductive health
- D) They only affect plants
36. What type of gamete do female rabbits produce?
- A) Sperm
- B) Eggs
- C) Zygotes
- D) Embryos
37. In which reproductive process does the zygote develop into an embryo?
- A) Gametogenesis
- B) Fertilization
- C) Budding
- D) Germination
38. What is the role of the placenta in mammals?
- A) To produce eggs
- B) To provide nutrients and oxygen to the fetus
- C) To facilitate fertilization
- D) To protect the embryo
39. What does "sexual dimorphism" refer to in reproduction?
- A) Similarity between male and female characteristics
- B) Differences in physical characteristics between males and females
- C) Asexual reproduction
- D) Gamete formation
40. What is the primary disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
- A) Rapid population growth
- B) Lack of genetic diversity
- C) Requires less energy
- D) Slower reproduction
41. What is the difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?
- A) One produces eggs; the other produces sperm
- B) Both produce the same type of gametes
- C) They occur in different organisms
- D) One occurs in males; the other occurs in females
42. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle in females?
- A) Testosterone
- B) Estrogen
- C) Progesterone
- D) Luteinizing hormone
43. What role do non-governmental organizations play in controlling STDs?
- A) They
have no role
- B) They provide awareness and treatment programs
- C) They only focus on research
- D) They promote asexual reproduction
44. Which of the following is an example of artificial vegetative propagation?
- A) Natural seed dispersal
- B) Grafting
- C) Spores
- D) Bulbs
45. What is the significance of the germination process?
- A) It leads to the formation of flowers
- B) It enables the seed to grow into a new plant
- C) It helps in pollination
- D) It produces gametes
46. What are the primary differences between internal and external fertilization?
- A) Location of fertilization and number of gametes produced
- B) Only aquatic animals perform external fertilization
- C) Internal fertilization requires water
- D) External fertilization occurs in mammals only
47. In which part of the plant does fertilization take place?
- A) Petal
- B) Ovary
- C) Stamen
- D) Leaf
48. Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted disease?
- A) Gonorrhea
- B) Syphilis
- C) Tuberculosis
- D) Chlamydia
49. What environmental conditions are necessary for successful germination?
- A) Moisture, temperature, and soil nutrients
- B) Bright light and cold temperatures
- C) Drought and low temperature
- D) High salinity and poor soil
50. How do gametes contribute to genetic diversity?
- A) They do not contribute
- B) They are identical to each other
- C) They result from meiosis and have unique combinations of genes
- D) They only come from one parent
51. What is the role of the corpus luteum in the female reproductive system?
- A) To produce sperm
- B) To maintain pregnancy
- C) To facilitate ovulation
- D) To prevent fertilization
52. How does asexual reproduction benefit plants?
- A) It increases genetic variation
- B) It allows rapid colonization of favorable environments
- C) It is less efficient than sexual reproduction
- D) It requires more energy
53. What is a characteristic of gametes produced through meiosis?
- A) They are diploid
- B) They are genetically identical
- C) They are haploid
- D) They form zygotes directly
54. Which part of the seed develops into the shoot?
- A) Cotyledon
- B) Plumule
- C) Radicle
- D) Seed coat
55. What is a primary consequence of rapid human population growth?
- A) Decreased resource consumption
- B) Overpopulation and resource depletion
- C) Improved living conditions
- D) Increased biodiversity
56. What happens to the ovary after fertilization?
- A) It dies
- B) It develops into fruit
- C) It becomes a flower
- D) It shrinks
57. What is the primary purpose of the National AIDS Control Programme?
- A) To promote asexual reproduction
- B) To reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS
- C) To facilitate fertilization
- D) To provide contraception
58. What triggers the process of germination?
- A) Dry conditions
- B) Availability of water
- C) Low temperatures
- D) Absence of oxygen
59. Which type of reproduction results in genetically identical offspring?
- A) Sexual reproduction
- B) Asexual reproduction
- C) Fertilization
- D) Gametogenesis
60. What is the significance of spermatogenesis in male reproduction?
- A) It produces eggs
- B) It produces sperm
- C) It maintains hormonal balance
- D) It facilitates implantation
Answers:
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. A
11. C
12. B
13. C
14. C
15. C
16. B
17. B
18. A
19. A
20. C
21. D
22. C
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. B
27. C
28. C
29. B
30. C
31. A
32. B
33. A
34. B
35. B
36. B
37. B
38. B
39. B
40. B
41. A
42. B
43. B
44. B
45. B
46. A
47. B
48. C
49. A
50. C
51. B
52. B
53. C
54. B
55. B
56. B
57. B
58. B
59. B
60. B