Homeostasis
Easy Questions (30% - 18 Questions)
1. What is homeostasis?
- A) The process of digestion
- B) The maintenance of a stable internal environment
- C) The growth of plants
- D) The formation of urine
Answer: B
2. Which gas do plants primarily take in during photosynthesis?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Carbon Dioxide
- C) Nitrogen
- D) Hydrogen
Answer: B
3. What do plants release during photosynthesis?
- A) Carbon Dioxide
- B) Nitrogen
- C) Oxygen
- D) Methane
Answer: C
4. Which part of the plant helps in removing excess water?
- A) Roots
- B) Leaves
- C) Flowers
- D) Stem
Answer: B
5. What is the primary function of the skin in humans?
- A) Circulation
- B) Digestion
- C) Protection and temperature regulation
- D) Respiration
Answer: C
6. What do kidneys primarily regulate in the body?
- A) Blood pressure
- B) Blood sugar
- C) Water balance
- D) Oxygen levels
Answer: C
7. Which organ is responsible for gas exchange in humans?
- A) Liver
- B) Stomach
- C) Lungs
- D) Kidneys
Answer: C
8. How do plants adjust to changes in osmotic pressure?
- A) By losing leaves
- B) By altering their growth
- C) By osmoregulation
- D) By absorbing more light
Answer: C
9. What is the main waste product removed by kidneys?
- A) Carbon Dioxide
- B) Urea
- C) Glucose
- D) Hormones
Answer: B
10. Which structure in the kidney is responsible for filtering blood?
- A) Nephrons
- B) Ureters
- C) Bladder
- D) Renal pelvis
Answer: A
11. What is the main role of the lungs in humans?
- A) To filter blood
- B) To exchange gases
- C) To produce hormones
- D) To regulate temperature
Answer: B
12. Which metabolic waste is primarily eliminated through the skin?
- A) Urea
- B) Salt
- C) Carbon Dioxide
- D) Glucose
Answer: B
13. What happens during kidney failure?
- A) Increased urine production
- B) Decreased waste removal
- C) Increased blood pressure
- D) Decreased oxygen levels
Answer: B
14. What is dialysis used for?
- A) To filter blood in patients with kidney failure
- B) To increase blood sugar levels
- C) To enhance digestion
- D) To remove carbon dioxide
Answer: A
15. What process do plants use to lose excess water?
- A) Respiration
- B) Photosynthesis
- C) Transpiration
- D) Absorption
Answer: C
16. Which organ helps to regulate temperature in humans?
- A) Lungs
- B) Liver
- C) Skin
- D) Heart
Answer: C
17. Which structure connects the kidneys to the bladder?
- A) Urethra
- B) Ureters
- C) Renal artery
- D) Renal vein
Answer: B
18. Which gas do plants release during respiration?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Nitrogen
- C) Carbon Dioxide
- D) Hydrogen
Answer: C
Moderate Questions (40% - 24 Questions)
19. What is the role of stomata in plants?
- A) Water storage
- B) Gas exchange
- C) Nutrient absorption
- D) Photosynthesis
Answer: B
20. Which hormone helps regulate water balance in the body?
- A) Insulin
- B) Cortisol
- C) Aldosterone
- D) Adrenaline
Answer: C
21. What is the primary function of the renal cortex?
- A) Filtration of blood
- B) Storage of urine
- C) Production of hormones
- D) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: A
22. How do kidneys maintain homeostasis?
- A) By producing hormones
- B) By filtering blood and regulating water balance
- C) By increasing blood flow
- D) By absorbing nutrients
Answer: B
23. Which process occurs in the nephron?
- A) Absorption
- B) Filtration
- C) Excretion
- D) All of the above
Answer: D
24. What condition results from the accumulation of waste products in the body?
- A) Kidney stones
- B) Kidney failure
- C) Urinary tract infection
- D) Hypertension
Answer: B
25. Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorbing water?
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Proximal tubule
- C) Loop of Henle
- D) Distal tubule
Answer: C
26. What is the function of the bladder?
- A) To filter blood
- B) To store urine
- C) To produce urine
- D) To transport urine
Answer: B
27. What metabolic waste is produced from protein metabolism?
- A) Glucose
- B) Urea
- C) Fatty acids
- D) Amino acids
Answer: B
28. What condition can occur due to excessive water loss from the body?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Dehydration
- C) Edema
- D) Hyperglycemia
Answer: B
29. Which organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis?
- A) Circulatory and respiratory
- B) Digestive and endocrine
- C) Nervous and muscular
- D) All of the above
Answer: D
30. How does kidney transplant improve the condition of a patient with kidney failure?
- A) It removes all waste products
- B) It restores kidney function
- C) It increases blood flow
- D) It eliminates the need for dialysis
Answer: B
31. What happens during osmoregulation in plants?
- A) Plants lose leaves
- B) Water levels are maintained
- C) Plants grow taller
- D) Nutrients are absorbed
Answer: B
32. Which structure is responsible for the production of urine?
- A) Nephrons
- B) Ureters
- C) Bladder
- D) Renal pelvis
Answer: A
33. What is a common symptom of kidney stones?
- A) Nausea
- B) Fever
- C) Severe pain
- D) Increased appetite
Answer: C
34. Which type of dialysis uses the patient's own blood vessels?
- A) Peritoneal dialysis
- B) Hemodialysis
- C) Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
- D) None of the above
Answer: A
35. How does the structure of the lungs facilitate gas exchange?
- A) Large surface area and thin walls
- B) Thick walls and small surface area
- C) Low blood supply
- D) None of the above
Answer: A
36. What is the role of the loop of Henle in the nephron?
- A) Filtration of blood
- B) Reabsorption of water and salts
- C) Secretion of waste
- D) All of the above
Answer: B
Tough Questions (30% - 18 Questions)
37. Which condition is characterized by an inability of the kidneys to filter blood effectively?
- A) Acute kidney injury
- B) Chronic kidney disease
- C) Kidney stones
- D) Nephritis
Answer: B
38. What is the significance of the vasa recta in the kidney?
- A) They assist in filtration
- B) They supply nutrients to the renal medulla
- C) They produce urine
- D) They transport urine to the bladder
Answer: B
39. How do plants adapt to high salinity conditions?
- A) By increasing water uptake
- B) By excreting excess salt
- C) By decreasing transpiration
- D) By closing stomata
Answer: B
40. Which of the following is a complication of untreated kidney failure?
- A) Osteoporosis
- B) Anemia
- C) Hypertension
- D) All of the above
Answer: D
41. What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the kidneys?
- A) To promote urine formation
- B) To regulate water reabsorption
- C) To increase blood flow
- D) To stimulate thirst
Answer: B
42. What is the primary consequence of kidney transplant rejection?
- A) Increased urine output
- B) Decreased blood pressure
- C) Loss of the transplanted organ function
- D) Improved kidney function
Answer: C
43. Which structure of the kidney is involved in the reabsorption of glucose?
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Proximal tubule
- C) Loop of Henle
- D) Collecting duct
Answer: B
44. Which physiological mechanism helps maintain blood pH within a narrow range?
- A) Homeostasis
- B) Osmoregulation
- C) Buffers
- D) Hormonal regulation
Answer: C
45. What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease?
- A) Kidney stones
- B) Diabetes
- C) Urinary tract infection
- D) Hypertension
Answer: B
46. How does excess carbon dioxide removal occur in plants?
- A) Through photosynthesis
- B) Through respiration
- C) Through transpiration
- D) Through stomata
Answer: D
47. What is the primary waste product of metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys?
- A) Ammonia
- B) Urea
- C) Bilirubin
- D) Creatinine
Answer: B
48. Which type of dialysis involves the use of a machine to filter blood?
- A) Peritoneal dialysis
- B) Hemodialysis
- C) Continuous renal replacement therapy
- D) None of the above
Answer: B
49. What is a common treatment option for kidney failure?
- A) Antidepressants
- B) Dialysis
- C) Antibiotics
- D) Antihypertensives
Answer: B
50. What role does the renal pelvis play in the kidney?
- A) Filtration of blood
- B) Storage of urine
- C) Transport of urine to the bladder
- D) Production of urine
Answer: C
51. Which part of the kidney is primarily involved in the filtration process?
- A) Renal medulla
- B) Renal cortex
- C) Renal pelvis
- D) Ureter
Answer: B
52. What is the main function of the collecting duct in the nephron?
- A) Filtration
- B) Secretion
- C) Reabsorption of water
- D) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: C
53. What can cause kidney stones to form?
- A) High calcium levels
- B) Dehydration
- C) Urinary tract infections
- D) All of the above
Answer: D
54. What are the implications of kidney failure on the overall homeostasis of the body?
- A) Regulation of electrolytes is maintained
- B) Metabolic wastes accumulate
- C) Blood pressure is stabilized
- D) Oxygen levels are normalized
Answer: B
55. Which of the following disorders is characterized by inflammation of the kidneys?
- A) Nephritis
- B) Nephrosis
- C) Glomerulonephritis
- D) All of the above
Answer: D
56. What structural adaptation of the lungs increases their surface area for gas exchange?
- A) Alveoli
- B) Bronchi
- C) Trachea
- D) Bronchioles
Answer: A
57. Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure?
- A) Renin
- B) Aldosterone
- C) Antidiuretic hormone
- D) Insulin
Answer: A
58. What is the role of the nephron loop (loop of Henle)?
- A) To create urine
- B) To concentrate urine
- C) To filter blood
- D) To absorb nutrients
Answer: B
59. What is the primary goal of homeostasis?
- A) To enhance growth
- B) To maintain a stable internal environment
- C) To increase metabolic rate
- D) To regulate reproduction
Answer: B
60. Which condition may require a kidney transplant?
- A) Acute kidney injury
- B) Chronic kidney disease
- C) Hypertension
- D) Kidney stones
Answer: B
Answer Key
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. B
14. A
15. C
16. C
17. B
18. C
19. B
20. C
21. A
22. B
23. D
24. B
25. B
26. B
27. B
28. B
29. D
30. B
31. B
32. A
33. C
34. A
35. A
36. D
37. B
38. B
39. B
40. D
41. B
42. C
43. B
44. C
45. B
46. D
47. B
48. B
49. B
50. C
51. B
52. C
53. D
54. B
55. D
56. A
57. A
58. B
59. B
60. B